ANÁLISIS CINEMÁTICO DEL SALTO EN PACIENTES SIN PATOLOGÍAS EN EXTREMIDADES INFERIORES - Jump kinematics analysis in patients without lower limb pathologies
ANÁLISIS CINEMÁTICO DEL SALTO EN PACIENTES SIN PATOLOGÍAS EN EXTREMIDADES INFERIORES - Jump kinematics analysis in patients without lower limb pathologies
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Resumen
El salto vertical es una habilidad relevante en el desempeño de muchos deportes de alto rendimiento, como el voleibol, básquetbol y fútbol. El gesto está basado en un conjunto de variables independientes específicas, cada una de las cuales puede afectar o favorecer en el rendimiento final. En este trabajo se realizó un análisis cinemático del salto vertical en deportistas amateurs sin antecedentes patológicos en extremidades inferiores, por medio de dos técnicas de squat jump. Para esto, se utilizó un sistema de videografía bidimensional y softwares desarrollados anteriormente en el laboratorio de biomecánica. Se evaluaron los ángulos entre segmentos, posiciones y desplazamientos de los centros de gravedad y velocidades de las articulaciones anatómicas, en cada variante del ejercicio. Los resultados obtenidos permiten caracterizar el gesto realizado y comparar las dos técnicas evaluadas. Se demostró que la técnica mejora el desempeño del salto vertical cuando se usa el balanceo de los brazos, aumentando la altura del centro de masa del cuerpo entero. El estudio demuestra ser una herramienta factible como referencias para futuros análisis del salto vertical en extremidades inferiores.
Abstract— Vertical jumping is a crucial ability in the performance of several sports such as volleyball, basketball and football. The standing vertical jump is based on several specific independent variables, where each can affect or improve the final performance. The main goal of this study was to examine the kinematic vertical jump in amateurs sportsmen without pathological antecedents in lower limbs, through two types of squat jump. The movement was analyzed using two-dimensional video system and the data were processed with the use of software developed in the laboratory. The angles among segments, positions and displacements of the center of mass and anatomical joints velocities were evaluated, in each variant of the exercise. The results obtained allow the characterization of the standing vertical jump performed by the subject and allow the comparison of both techniques as well. It was demonstrated that this technique improves performance of the vertical jump while using arm swing which leads to an increase in height of the body’s center of mass.
Abstract— Vertical jumping is a crucial ability in the performance of several sports such as volleyball, basketball and football. The standing vertical jump is based on several specific independent variables, where each can affect or improve the final performance. The main goal of this study was to examine the kinematic vertical jump in amateurs sportsmen without pathological antecedents in lower limbs, through two types of squat jump. The movement was analyzed using two-dimensional video system and the data were processed with the use of software developed in the laboratory. The angles among segments, positions and displacements of the center of mass and anatomical joints velocities were evaluated, in each variant of the exercise. The results obtained allow the characterization of the standing vertical jump performed by the subject and allow the comparison of both techniques as well. It was demonstrated that this technique improves performance of the vertical jump while using arm swing which leads to an increase in height of the body’s center of mass.
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